NEW DELHI — An Indian court in Mumbai convicted 12 men on Friday in connection with near-simultaneous bombings in 2006 on seven commuter trains in the city, an attack that killed more than 180 people and left 800 wounded, a prosecutor said.

The men, ranging in age from their late 20s to early 40s, were convicted of various charges, said Raja Thakare, the special public prosecutor who argued the case. Five were found guilty of murder, and all 12 of criminal conspiracy and belonging to a terrorist group. A 13th suspect was acquitted. A sentencing hearing is scheduled for Monday, Mr. Thakare said.

The prosecution had argued that the men, who are from various parts of India, were members of the Students Islamic Movement of India and that they colluded with the Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba to carry out the attack. Some of the men conspired at a meeting in Mumbai to plan the attack and others planted the bombs, Mr. Thakare said.

The police filed charges against the men four months after the attack. They said, however, that evidence was difficult to gather because there were no unexploded bombs and it was raining at the time of the blasts, meaning that crucial evidence may have washed away.

“This was a blind case for us right from the start,” said K. P. Raghuvanshi, a former head of the antiterrorism squad of Maharashtra State, which includes Mumbai, who led the police investigation. The police used call records to establish a pattern of communication between the conspirators, he said.

The bombs went off during the evening rush hour on July 11, 2006, in seven of the commuter trains’ first-class men’s compartments; an eighth explosion occurred at a station. Most of the victims were men, and many were members of the booming financial capital’s professional class.

In the days after the attack, the police combed the city and detained hundreds of suspects. They eventually named 30 people who they suspected were involved, including 10 Pakistanis and five Indians who have evaded arrest. The trial lasted years, with more than 200 witnesses and 10,000 pages of evidence, Mr. Thakare said. After closing arguments last year, the judge took 13 months to reach Friday’s verdict.

“Justice is a relative term,” Mr. Thakare said. “The people who suffered — their family members and others who are terror-stricken — they should feel that justice is done.”

Mumbai has been the site of several devastating attacks, including a series of blasts in 1993 that killed 257 people and that prosecutors said was intended to avenge the destruction of a 16th-century mosque in India. In November 2008, coordinated attacks in the city killed more than 160 people, an event often referred to as the Indian equivalent of the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, in the United States. Members of Lashkar-e-Taiba are facing trial in Pakistan for the 2008 attacks.

Mr. Thakare said that another terrorist group, Indian Mujahedeen, claimed responsibility for the 2006 attack initially with the aim of confusing the investigation.

The commuter train bombings stalled peace talks between India and Pakistan for several months. After the attack, the Indian police accused Pakistan’s spy agency, Inter-Services Intelligence, of orchestrating the bombings, a charge Pakistan has denied.